By David Western, Victor N. Mose and David Maitumo

Following our last posting of 15th October, we are issuing an interim report on the impact of the drought on wildlife losses so far prior to a detailed report to be submitted to the Amboseli Ecosystem Trust (AET) and partners and to the Southern Rangelands Coalition (SRC) in late November. Reports of the AET and SRC meetings called in response to the drought are posted on our website.

Members of the Southern Rangelands Coalition met in Amboseli on September 29th and 30th to take stock of impact of drought in southern Kenya and draw up common responses.

The Naivasha Wildlife Research and Training Institute (WRTI) also prepared a preliminary report on the Impacts of the Current Drought on Wildlife in Kenya on 29th September. The report noted that 512 wildebeest, 381 zebra, 51 buffalo and 205 elephants in the principle protected areas had died of drought so far. The report acknowledged the deaths to be minimum estimates and projected a steeper loss as the drought deepened. Amboseli was cited as the worst hit park. WRTI also called for more systematic counts of wildlife deaths.

The Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife called on the Conservation Alliance of Kenya on 4th November to submit a report on wildlife mortalities around the country, and to recommend immediate and longer-term steps to combat drought. Amboseli Conservation Program (ACP) data contributed substantially to the report. A copy of the report presented to the Cabinet Secretary, Ms. Peninah Malonza, and Principal Secretary, Dr. Susan Koech, by the southern and central Kajiado conservation partners will be posted on the ACP website.

Amboseli is the hardest hit by drought of Kenya’s protected areas. Zebra, wildebeest, buffalo and elephants are dying due to heavy grazing earlier in the year using up the late season forage reserves.

ACP has regularly posted the results of wildlife and livestock aerial censuses across eastern Kajiado over many years. In 2009, anticipating a severe drought, we added carcass counts to our regular the ground counts, tracked the course of the drought and, in conjunction with KWS, convened a meeting to consider measures to avert human-wildlife conflict and ensure a post-drought recovery of the depleted wildebeest and zebra populations.
It is worth pointing out in that estimates of drought losses can’t be made simply by driving around the worst hit areas and counting carcasses. Estimating the number of deaths and drought recovery prospects calls for a systematic method of counting both the live and dead animals simultaneously. Here is why:

  • Accurate estimates of animal deaths need to be done across the entire dry season range, not only in areas where dead animals are most visible. In the case of Amboseli, few carcasses are found where wildebeest and zebra are feeding. Most carcasses are found on open ground where herds bed down at night to avoid predators and fail to recover from cold stress in the morning and move onto their feeding grounds.
  • Since it is not possible to count all carcasses reliably, there is need to use an intensive sampling system in which both live and dead animals can be counted and used to calculate numbers for the whole dry season range or park.
  • Carcasses are difficult to detect in heavy vegetation cover and when eaten by predators. Accurate counts can be done by scanning and counting a small area intensively.
  • Most early drought deaths are of young animals which are quickly eaten by predators, resulting in an underestimate of the numbers which have died.
  • Counts of dead animals alone are not sufficient to gauge the impact of a drought. The bigger the population of animals, the larger will be the number of deaths for a given mortality rate. A ten percent mortality rate in a population of 10,000 wildebeest will produce 1,000 carcasses compared to 100 in a population of 1,000. Clearly, the prospects of wildebeest surviving the drought and recovering is far better for large than small populations.
  • Because the size of the population matters to how many carcasses are produced and the prospects of recovery from a drought, we need a good estimate of the numbers of each species before, during and after a drought. If numbers drop below a level too low to combat post-drought predation, recovery could be stalled, calling for restorative measures. If sufficient numbers survive to recover naturally, no action is needed or justified.
Figure 1: Location of plots in Amboseli National Park and dry season wildlife range used to count live and dead animals.

With these points in mind, ACP counts 80 plots randomly located in Amboseli National Park and across the dry season wildlife range (Figure 1).  Each plot is 300 meters in radius. All animals and livestock as well as carcasses are counted by David Maitumo using binoculars and a rangefinder. The random sample plots allow us to project the total population numbers and carcasses of each species.

Here are the results of the live numbers and carcasses for species:

Table 1: Estimates of live and dead wild herbivores in the Amboseli basin based on a count between October 4th and 6th, 2022.

The carcass counts reflect the WRTI report of the large number of animals dying of drought in Amboseli. The figures are far higher than previous estimates because carcasses were counted intensively in small sample areas over the entire dry season range. The carcass counts in the case of wildebeest are underestimates due to the number of young animals dying early in the drought and being partially or completely consumed by predators. Allowing for such carcasses removed early in the drought, the mortality for wildebeest is likely around 15% and zebra about the same.

We have used the total areal counts of October 9th 2022, for elephants, buffaloes and hippo numbers. Estimated losses of elephants and buffalo are 5%. We observed no giraffe death in the park. Reedbuck numbers increased sharply in Amboseli in recent years with the expansion of the swamps have suffered a modest loss. The losses for Thomson’s and Grant’s gazelle, impalas and other small species are negligible. We have not given any figures for livestock mortality at this point. Sakimber Kamiti is collecting information directly from herders and will give estimates for cattle, sheep and goats when compiled.

As high and alarming as the number of carcasses is in Amboseli, and as distressing as the hundreds of carcasses is to tourists, we need to keep an eye on the number of live animals and rate of decline to assess the impact of drought and prospects for recovery. Here the results are more reassuring.

The only species suffering substantial losses so far are zebra, wildebeest, buffaloes and elephants. Compared to the 2009 drought when over 95% of the wildebeest, 60% zebras, two third of the buffaloes and a quarter of the elephants died, the current drought is far less severe. We started the current drought with far larger populations of each species, current mortality rates are far lower, and the swamps are far more extensive than in 2009. In many places the swamps are still expanding and providing fresh forage.

The expansion of the swamps in Amboseli in recent years has seen wildlife numbers increase sharply and buffered animals from the extreme drought losses seen in 2009.

We shall be conducting further counts in the next two weeks and will produce a comprehensive drought analysis to the AET, KWS and partners, and the SRC, at the end of November.

By Victor N. Mose

ACP, ACC, and NAU launched a NASA-funded One Health survey using GEDI and local monitoring for ecosystem health.

By David Western, Victor N. Mose, David Maitumo, Immaculate Ombongi, Sakimba Kimiti, Winfridah Kemunto, Samuel Lekanaiya, Paul Kasaine and Sunte Kimiti

The heavy prolonged El Niño rains boosted pastures across the Amboseli ecosystem

By David Western, Immaculate Ombongi and Victor N. Mose

Our study traces the transition from traditional livestock practices based on seasonal migrations to permanent

Amboseli: wildlife drought losses so far

Authored by : David Western, Victor N. Mose and David Maitumo
Posted on November 12, 2022

Following our last posting of 15th October, we are issuing an interim report on the impact of the drought on wildlife losses so far prior to a detailed report to be submitted to the Amboseli Ecosystem Trust (AET) and partners and to the Southern Rangelands Coalition (SRC) in late November. Reports of the AET and SRC meetings called in response to the drought are posted on our website.

Members of the Southern Rangelands Coalition met in Amboseli on September 29th and 30th to take stock of impact of drought in southern Kenya and draw up common responses.

The Naivasha Wildlife Research and Training Institute (WRTI) also prepared a preliminary report on the Impacts of the Current Drought on Wildlife in Kenya on 29th September. The report noted that 512 wildebeest, 381 zebra, 51 buffalo and 205 elephants in the principle protected areas had died of drought so far. The report acknowledged the deaths to be minimum estimates and projected a steeper loss as the drought deepened. Amboseli was cited as the worst hit park. WRTI also called for more systematic counts of wildlife deaths.

The Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife called on the Conservation Alliance of Kenya on 4th November to submit a report on wildlife mortalities around the country, and to recommend immediate and longer-term steps to combat drought. Amboseli Conservation Program (ACP) data contributed substantially to the report. A copy of the report presented to the Cabinet Secretary, Ms. Peninah Malonza, and Principal Secretary, Dr. Susan Koech, by the southern and central Kajiado conservation partners will be posted on the ACP website.

Amboseli is the hardest hit by drought of Kenya’s protected areas. Zebra, wildebeest, buffalo and elephants are dying due to heavy grazing earlier in the year using up the late season forage reserves.

ACP has regularly posted the results of wildlife and livestock aerial censuses across eastern Kajiado over many years. In 2009, anticipating a severe drought, we added carcass counts to our regular the ground counts, tracked the course of the drought and, in conjunction with KWS, convened a meeting to consider measures to avert human-wildlife conflict and ensure a post-drought recovery of the depleted wildebeest and zebra populations.
It is worth pointing out in that estimates of drought losses can’t be made simply by driving around the worst hit areas and counting carcasses. Estimating the number of deaths and drought recovery prospects calls for a systematic method of counting both the live and dead animals simultaneously. Here is why:

  • Accurate estimates of animal deaths need to be done across the entire dry season range, not only in areas where dead animals are most visible. In the case of Amboseli, few carcasses are found where wildebeest and zebra are feeding. Most carcasses are found on open ground where herds bed down at night to avoid predators and fail to recover from cold stress in the morning and move onto their feeding grounds.
  • Since it is not possible to count all carcasses reliably, there is need to use an intensive sampling system in which both live and dead animals can be counted and used to calculate numbers for the whole dry season range or park.
  • Carcasses are difficult to detect in heavy vegetation cover and when eaten by predators. Accurate counts can be done by scanning and counting a small area intensively.
  • Most early drought deaths are of young animals which are quickly eaten by predators, resulting in an underestimate of the numbers which have died.
  • Counts of dead animals alone are not sufficient to gauge the impact of a drought. The bigger the population of animals, the larger will be the number of deaths for a given mortality rate. A ten percent mortality rate in a population of 10,000 wildebeest will produce 1,000 carcasses compared to 100 in a population of 1,000. Clearly, the prospects of wildebeest surviving the drought and recovering is far better for large than small populations.
  • Because the size of the population matters to how many carcasses are produced and the prospects of recovery from a drought, we need a good estimate of the numbers of each species before, during and after a drought. If numbers drop below a level too low to combat post-drought predation, recovery could be stalled, calling for restorative measures. If sufficient numbers survive to recover naturally, no action is needed or justified.
Figure 1: Location of plots in Amboseli National Park and dry season wildlife range used to count live and dead animals.

With these points in mind, ACP counts 80 plots randomly located in Amboseli National Park and across the dry season wildlife range (Figure 1).  Each plot is 300 meters in radius. All animals and livestock as well as carcasses are counted by David Maitumo using binoculars and a rangefinder. The random sample plots allow us to project the total population numbers and carcasses of each species.

Here are the results of the live numbers and carcasses for species:

Table 1: Estimates of live and dead wild herbivores in the Amboseli basin based on a count between October 4th and 6th, 2022.

The carcass counts reflect the WRTI report of the large number of animals dying of drought in Amboseli. The figures are far higher than previous estimates because carcasses were counted intensively in small sample areas over the entire dry season range. The carcass counts in the case of wildebeest are underestimates due to the number of young animals dying early in the drought and being partially or completely consumed by predators. Allowing for such carcasses removed early in the drought, the mortality for wildebeest is likely around 15% and zebra about the same.

We have used the total areal counts of October 9th 2022, for elephants, buffaloes and hippo numbers. Estimated losses of elephants and buffalo are 5%. We observed no giraffe death in the park. Reedbuck numbers increased sharply in Amboseli in recent years with the expansion of the swamps have suffered a modest loss. The losses for Thomson’s and Grant’s gazelle, impalas and other small species are negligible. We have not given any figures for livestock mortality at this point. Sakimber Kamiti is collecting information directly from herders and will give estimates for cattle, sheep and goats when compiled.

As high and alarming as the number of carcasses is in Amboseli, and as distressing as the hundreds of carcasses is to tourists, we need to keep an eye on the number of live animals and rate of decline to assess the impact of drought and prospects for recovery. Here the results are more reassuring.

The only species suffering substantial losses so far are zebra, wildebeest, buffaloes and elephants. Compared to the 2009 drought when over 95% of the wildebeest, 60% zebras, two third of the buffaloes and a quarter of the elephants died, the current drought is far less severe. We started the current drought with far larger populations of each species, current mortality rates are far lower, and the swamps are far more extensive than in 2009. In many places the swamps are still expanding and providing fresh forage.

The expansion of the swamps in Amboseli in recent years has seen wildlife numbers increase sharply and buffered animals from the extreme drought losses seen in 2009.

We shall be conducting further counts in the next two weeks and will produce a comprehensive drought analysis to the AET, KWS and partners, and the SRC, at the end of November.

By David Western, Victor N. Mose and David Maitumo

Following our last posting of 15th October, we are issuing an interim report on the impact of the drought on wildlife losses so far prior to a detailed report to be submitted to the Amboseli Ecosystem Trust (AET) and partners and to the Southern Rangelands Coalition (SRC) in late November. Reports of the AET and SRC meetings called in response to the drought are posted on our website.

Members of the Southern Rangelands Coalition met in Amboseli on September 29th and 30th to take stock of impact of drought in southern Kenya and draw up common responses.

The Naivasha Wildlife Research and Training Institute (WRTI) also prepared a preliminary report on the Impacts of the Current Drought on Wildlife in Kenya on 29th September. The report noted that 512 wildebeest, 381 zebra, 51 buffalo and 205 elephants in the principle protected areas had died of drought so far. The report acknowledged the deaths to be minimum estimates and projected a steeper loss as the drought deepened. Amboseli was cited as the worst hit park. WRTI also called for more systematic counts of wildlife deaths.

The Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife called on the Conservation Alliance of Kenya on 4th November to submit a report on wildlife mortalities around the country, and to recommend immediate and longer-term steps to combat drought. Amboseli Conservation Program (ACP) data contributed substantially to the report. A copy of the report presented to the Cabinet Secretary, Ms. Peninah Malonza, and Principal Secretary, Dr. Susan Koech, by the southern and central Kajiado conservation partners will be posted on the ACP website.

Amboseli is the hardest hit by drought of Kenya’s protected areas. Zebra, wildebeest, buffalo and elephants are dying due to heavy grazing earlier in the year using up the late season forage reserves.

ACP has regularly posted the results of wildlife and livestock aerial censuses across eastern Kajiado over many years. In 2009, anticipating a severe drought, we added carcass counts to our regular the ground counts, tracked the course of the drought and, in conjunction with KWS, convened a meeting to consider measures to avert human-wildlife conflict and ensure a post-drought recovery of the depleted wildebeest and zebra populations.
It is worth pointing out in that estimates of drought losses can’t be made simply by driving around the worst hit areas and counting carcasses. Estimating the number of deaths and drought recovery prospects calls for a systematic method of counting both the live and dead animals simultaneously. Here is why:

  • Accurate estimates of animal deaths need to be done across the entire dry season range, not only in areas where dead animals are most visible. In the case of Amboseli, few carcasses are found where wildebeest and zebra are feeding. Most carcasses are found on open ground where herds bed down at night to avoid predators and fail to recover from cold stress in the morning and move onto their feeding grounds.
  • Since it is not possible to count all carcasses reliably, there is need to use an intensive sampling system in which both live and dead animals can be counted and used to calculate numbers for the whole dry season range or park.
  • Carcasses are difficult to detect in heavy vegetation cover and when eaten by predators. Accurate counts can be done by scanning and counting a small area intensively.
  • Most early drought deaths are of young animals which are quickly eaten by predators, resulting in an underestimate of the numbers which have died.
  • Counts of dead animals alone are not sufficient to gauge the impact of a drought. The bigger the population of animals, the larger will be the number of deaths for a given mortality rate. A ten percent mortality rate in a population of 10,000 wildebeest will produce 1,000 carcasses compared to 100 in a population of 1,000. Clearly, the prospects of wildebeest surviving the drought and recovering is far better for large than small populations.
  • Because the size of the population matters to how many carcasses are produced and the prospects of recovery from a drought, we need a good estimate of the numbers of each species before, during and after a drought. If numbers drop below a level too low to combat post-drought predation, recovery could be stalled, calling for restorative measures. If sufficient numbers survive to recover naturally, no action is needed or justified.
Figure 1: Location of plots in Amboseli National Park and dry season wildlife range used to count live and dead animals.

With these points in mind, ACP counts 80 plots randomly located in Amboseli National Park and across the dry season wildlife range (Figure 1).  Each plot is 300 meters in radius. All animals and livestock as well as carcasses are counted by David Maitumo using binoculars and a rangefinder. The random sample plots allow us to project the total population numbers and carcasses of each species.

Here are the results of the live numbers and carcasses for species:

Table 1: Estimates of live and dead wild herbivores in the Amboseli basin based on a count between October 4th and 6th, 2022.

The carcass counts reflect the WRTI report of the large number of animals dying of drought in Amboseli. The figures are far higher than previous estimates because carcasses were counted intensively in small sample areas over the entire dry season range. The carcass counts in the case of wildebeest are underestimates due to the number of young animals dying early in the drought and being partially or completely consumed by predators. Allowing for such carcasses removed early in the drought, the mortality for wildebeest is likely around 15% and zebra about the same.

We have used the total areal counts of October 9th 2022, for elephants, buffaloes and hippo numbers. Estimated losses of elephants and buffalo are 5%. We observed no giraffe death in the park. Reedbuck numbers increased sharply in Amboseli in recent years with the expansion of the swamps have suffered a modest loss. The losses for Thomson’s and Grant’s gazelle, impalas and other small species are negligible. We have not given any figures for livestock mortality at this point. Sakimber Kamiti is collecting information directly from herders and will give estimates for cattle, sheep and goats when compiled.

As high and alarming as the number of carcasses is in Amboseli, and as distressing as the hundreds of carcasses is to tourists, we need to keep an eye on the number of live animals and rate of decline to assess the impact of drought and prospects for recovery. Here the results are more reassuring.

The only species suffering substantial losses so far are zebra, wildebeest, buffaloes and elephants. Compared to the 2009 drought when over 95% of the wildebeest, 60% zebras, two third of the buffaloes and a quarter of the elephants died, the current drought is far less severe. We started the current drought with far larger populations of each species, current mortality rates are far lower, and the swamps are far more extensive than in 2009. In many places the swamps are still expanding and providing fresh forage.

The expansion of the swamps in Amboseli in recent years has seen wildlife numbers increase sharply and buffered animals from the extreme drought losses seen in 2009.

We shall be conducting further counts in the next two weeks and will produce a comprehensive drought analysis to the AET, KWS and partners, and the SRC, at the end of November.

By Victor N. Mose

ACP, ACC, and NAU launched a NASA-funded One Health survey using GEDI and local monitoring for ecosystem health.

By David Western, Victor N. Mose, David Maitumo, Immaculate Ombongi, Sakimba Kimiti, Winfridah Kemunto, Samuel Lekanaiya, Paul Kasaine and Sunte Kimiti

The heavy prolonged El Niño rains boosted pastures across the Amboseli ecosystem

By David Western, Immaculate Ombongi and Victor N. Mose

Our study traces the transition from traditional livestock practices based on seasonal migrations to permanent

Posted on November 12, 2022

By David Western, Victor N. Mose and David Maitumo

Following our last posting of 15th October, we are issuing an interim report on the impact of the drought on wildlife losses so far prior to a detailed report to be submitted to the Amboseli Ecosystem Trust (AET) and partners and to the Southern Rangelands Coalition (SRC) in late November. Reports of the AET and SRC meetings called in response to the drought are posted on our website.

Members of the Southern Rangelands Coalition met in Amboseli on September 29th and 30th to take stock of impact of drought in southern Kenya and draw up common responses.

The Naivasha Wildlife Research and Training Institute (WRTI) also prepared a preliminary report on the Impacts of the Current Drought on Wildlife in Kenya on 29th September. The report noted that 512 wildebeest, 381 zebra, 51 buffalo and 205 elephants in the principle protected areas had died of drought so far. The report acknowledged the deaths to be minimum estimates and projected a steeper loss as the drought deepened. Amboseli was cited as the worst hit park. WRTI also called for more systematic counts of wildlife deaths.

The Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife called on the Conservation Alliance of Kenya on 4th November to submit a report on wildlife mortalities around the country, and to recommend immediate and longer-term steps to combat drought. Amboseli Conservation Program (ACP) data contributed substantially to the report. A copy of the report presented to the Cabinet Secretary, Ms. Peninah Malonza, and Principal Secretary, Dr. Susan Koech, by the southern and central Kajiado conservation partners will be posted on the ACP website.

Amboseli is the hardest hit by drought of Kenya’s protected areas. Zebra, wildebeest, buffalo and elephants are dying due to heavy grazing earlier in the year using up the late season forage reserves.

ACP has regularly posted the results of wildlife and livestock aerial censuses across eastern Kajiado over many years. In 2009, anticipating a severe drought, we added carcass counts to our regular the ground counts, tracked the course of the drought and, in conjunction with KWS, convened a meeting to consider measures to avert human-wildlife conflict and ensure a post-drought recovery of the depleted wildebeest and zebra populations.
It is worth pointing out in that estimates of drought losses can’t be made simply by driving around the worst hit areas and counting carcasses. Estimating the number of deaths and drought recovery prospects calls for a systematic method of counting both the live and dead animals simultaneously. Here is why:

  • Accurate estimates of animal deaths need to be done across the entire dry season range, not only in areas where dead animals are most visible. In the case of Amboseli, few carcasses are found where wildebeest and zebra are feeding. Most carcasses are found on open ground where herds bed down at night to avoid predators and fail to recover from cold stress in the morning and move onto their feeding grounds.
  • Since it is not possible to count all carcasses reliably, there is need to use an intensive sampling system in which both live and dead animals can be counted and used to calculate numbers for the whole dry season range or park.
  • Carcasses are difficult to detect in heavy vegetation cover and when eaten by predators. Accurate counts can be done by scanning and counting a small area intensively.
  • Most early drought deaths are of young animals which are quickly eaten by predators, resulting in an underestimate of the numbers which have died.
  • Counts of dead animals alone are not sufficient to gauge the impact of a drought. The bigger the population of animals, the larger will be the number of deaths for a given mortality rate. A ten percent mortality rate in a population of 10,000 wildebeest will produce 1,000 carcasses compared to 100 in a population of 1,000. Clearly, the prospects of wildebeest surviving the drought and recovering is far better for large than small populations.
  • Because the size of the population matters to how many carcasses are produced and the prospects of recovery from a drought, we need a good estimate of the numbers of each species before, during and after a drought. If numbers drop below a level too low to combat post-drought predation, recovery could be stalled, calling for restorative measures. If sufficient numbers survive to recover naturally, no action is needed or justified.
Figure 1: Location of plots in Amboseli National Park and dry season wildlife range used to count live and dead animals.

With these points in mind, ACP counts 80 plots randomly located in Amboseli National Park and across the dry season wildlife range (Figure 1).  Each plot is 300 meters in radius. All animals and livestock as well as carcasses are counted by David Maitumo using binoculars and a rangefinder. The random sample plots allow us to project the total population numbers and carcasses of each species.

Here are the results of the live numbers and carcasses for species:

Table 1: Estimates of live and dead wild herbivores in the Amboseli basin based on a count between October 4th and 6th, 2022.

The carcass counts reflect the WRTI report of the large number of animals dying of drought in Amboseli. The figures are far higher than previous estimates because carcasses were counted intensively in small sample areas over the entire dry season range. The carcass counts in the case of wildebeest are underestimates due to the number of young animals dying early in the drought and being partially or completely consumed by predators. Allowing for such carcasses removed early in the drought, the mortality for wildebeest is likely around 15% and zebra about the same.

We have used the total areal counts of October 9th 2022, for elephants, buffaloes and hippo numbers. Estimated losses of elephants and buffalo are 5%. We observed no giraffe death in the park. Reedbuck numbers increased sharply in Amboseli in recent years with the expansion of the swamps have suffered a modest loss. The losses for Thomson’s and Grant’s gazelle, impalas and other small species are negligible. We have not given any figures for livestock mortality at this point. Sakimber Kamiti is collecting information directly from herders and will give estimates for cattle, sheep and goats when compiled.

As high and alarming as the number of carcasses is in Amboseli, and as distressing as the hundreds of carcasses is to tourists, we need to keep an eye on the number of live animals and rate of decline to assess the impact of drought and prospects for recovery. Here the results are more reassuring.

The only species suffering substantial losses so far are zebra, wildebeest, buffaloes and elephants. Compared to the 2009 drought when over 95% of the wildebeest, 60% zebras, two third of the buffaloes and a quarter of the elephants died, the current drought is far less severe. We started the current drought with far larger populations of each species, current mortality rates are far lower, and the swamps are far more extensive than in 2009. In many places the swamps are still expanding and providing fresh forage.

The expansion of the swamps in Amboseli in recent years has seen wildlife numbers increase sharply and buffered animals from the extreme drought losses seen in 2009.

We shall be conducting further counts in the next two weeks and will produce a comprehensive drought analysis to the AET, KWS and partners, and the SRC, at the end of November.

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Contact Us

Amboseli Conservation Program
P.O Box 15289-00509 or 62844-00200
Nairobi, Kenya.

Tel/Fax: +254 20 891360 / 891751
Email: acc@acc.or.ke